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Alcohol Tolerance May Lead to Damaging Effects

Alcohol Tolerance May Lead to Damaging Effects November 26, 2019 Thomas Barwick/Getty Images   More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery You can drink enough alcohol for a period of time that you can develop a tolerance to some of its effects. If you drink long enough, you may find that drinking the same amount you usually drink does not produce the same effect. In other words, if you have developed alcohol tolerance you have to drink increasingly greater amounts of alcohol to feel the same effects you used to feel with fewer drinks. You may think that not having alcohol interfere with your behavior and ability to function like it used to do is a positive occurrence, however, the development of tolerance to alcohol can actually signal pending problems. Tolerance to the effects of alcohol can influence drinking behavior and consequences in many ways. Alcohol Tolerance Can: Encourage greater alcohol consumptionContribute to alcohol dependenceCause organ damageAffect the performance of tasksContribute to the ineffectiveness of medicationsIncrease the toxicity of other drugsContribute to the risk of alcoholism There are several ways that tolerance to alcohol develops: Functional Tolerance Functional tolerance is when the brain functions of drinkers adapt to compensate for the disruption that alcohol causes in their behavior and their bodily functions. Have you ever known someone who could consume large amounts of alcohol and not display any obvious signs of intoxication? That is because that person has developed a functional tolerance to alcohol. When someone has had enough to drink that they should be exhibiting some signs of behavioral impairment and they do not, their tolerance to alcohol is allowing them to drink increasing amounts of alcohol. Functional Tolerance Can Result in Dependence The problem is that a higher level of consumption can result in developing a physical dependence on alcohol and developing alcohol-related organ damage. Research has found, however, that functional tolerance can develop at the same rate for all of the effects of alcohol. For example, someone may quickly develop a functional tolerance for mental functions, such as solving puzzles, but not for tasks requiring eye-hand coordination, such as driving a vehicle. Alcohol Abuse vs. Dependence Different Types of Functional Tolerance Sometimes drinkers will quickly develop a tolerance to the unpleasant effects of intoxication, such as becoming nauseous or dizzy, while not developing a tolerance to the pleasurable effects. This can cause increased alcohol consumption. There are different types of functional tolerance to alcohol which are produced by different factors and influences. Acute Tolerance When a drinker develops a tolerance to the effects of alcohol during a single drinking session, it is called acute tolerance. The drinker may appear to be more intoxicated in the early stages of the drinking session than near the end. But, acute tolerance typically develops into the feeling of intoxication, but not to all of the effects of alcohol. Consequently, the person may be prompted to drink more, which can impair those bodily functions that do not develop acute tolerance. Environment-Dependent Tolerance Research has found that alcohol tolerance can be accelerated if drinking over a series of drinking sessions always take place in the same environment or accompanied by the same cues. Studies have found that when drinkers consumed their alcohol in the same room all the time their heart rate increased to a lesser extent than when they drank in a new environment. Cues Associated With Drinking Another study found that social drinkers who were given an eye-hand coordination task, performed better if they consumed their alcohol in a bar-like environment, rather than an office environment. The researchers concluded that the subjects were more alcohol tolerant in the bar environment because it contained cues associated with drinking. This is called environment-dependent tolerance. The Dangers of Drinking and Driving Learned Tolerance Alcohol tolerance can also be accelerated by practicing a task while under the influence of alcohol. Even if the subjects only mentally rehearsed the task after drinking alcohol, they developed the same level of tolerance as those who actually physically practiced the task while drinking. This is called behaviorally augmented tolerance or learned tolerance. Rewards Can Affect Tolerance Learned tolerance can also be accelerated by the expectation of a reward. One study found that subjects who knew they would receive money for the successful performance of a task while under the influence developed tolerance more quickly than when they did not expect a reward. How Does This Apply to Real-Life Situations? Repeatedly driving the same route home while intoxicated could cause the driver to develop a tolerance for the task and reduce alcohol-induced impairment. However, that tolerance for that specific task is not transferable to a new task. For example, if the driver encountered unexpected situations, a detour, or a change in driving conditions, he could lose any previously acquired tolerance to alcohols impairment of his driving skills. Environment-Independent Tolerance Functional tolerance to alcohol can develop independently of environmental influences with exposure to large quantities of alcohol. Using significant higher amounts of alcohol, researchers found that laboratory animals developed tolerance in an environment different from the one in which they were given alcohol. This is called environment-independent tolerance. Metabolic Tolerance Metabolic tolerance occurs when a specific group of liver enzymes is activated after a period of chronic drinking and results in more rapid elimination of alcohol from the body. This activation of the liver enzymes increases the degradation of alcohol and reduces the time during which alcohol is active in the system and consequently reduces the length of intoxication. Metabolic Tolerance Can Lead to Liver Damage When chronic drinking activates these enzymes, however, it can cause health problems for the chronic drinker because it can also affect the metabolism of other drugs and medications, producing possible harmful effects, including liver damage. Studies have also found that metabolic tolerance can also lead to the ineffectiveness of some medications in chronic drinkers and even in recovering alcoholics. How Alcohol Damages the Liver Tolerance and the Predisposition to Alcoholism Research has revealed that some aspects of alcohol tolerance are genetic. Several studies comparing sons of alcoholics fathers to sons of nonalcoholic fathers found tolerance differences that could affect drinking behavior. Some studies found that sons of alcoholic fathers were less impaired by alcohol than the sons of nonalcoholic fathers. Other studies found that sons of alcoholic fathers displayed acute tolerance for alcohol - experiencing the pleasurable effects of alcohol early in drinking sessions, while not experiencing the impairing effects of alcohol later in the sessions. The genetic predisposition to alcohol tolerance could contribute to increased alcohol consumption and the risk of alcoholism in the sons of alcoholic fathers. Is Alcoholism Genetic? Tolerance Signals Risk for Alcohol Use Disorders? Developing a tolerance for alcohols effects quickly could be a clue that the drinker is at risk of developing alcohol-related problems whether they are a son of an alcoholic or not. If you know someone who reportedly can hold their liquor well or who drinks large amounts of alcohol without exhibiting outward signs of intoxication, there is a chance that person is at risk for developing medical complications from alcohol use, as well as developing alcohol use disorders.

The Death Penalty Is Wrong Essay - 1140 Words

The death penalty, properly known as capital punishment, has always been a controversial topic. People of the United States often find themselves in heated discussions over whether or not the death penalty is right. Some would argue the death penalty is right for a small percentage of certain crimes. Although the death penalty can be used as a tool of justice, I still think the death penalty is wrong because it goes against many American beliefs. To begin with, the death penalty violates the United States’ Constitution. Under the U.S. Constitution amend. VIII, section I, cruel and unusual punishment is prohibited. For a proper and painless execution, the states use a substance known as barbiturate sodium thiopental. The thiopental serves as an anesthetic and causes the patient to become unconscious. What many people are unaware of is that thiopental is a controlled substance and can be very hard to obtain, even for an execution. In order to avoid the trouble of obtaining thiop ental, states began to look to alternative drugs, but not all of the drugs had the same anesthetic effect as thiopental. Two drugs specifically, midazolam and hydro-morphone, were tested in Ohio on a prisoner named Dennis McGuire. Not only did this execution take twenty-six minutes, but McGuire was also seen with his fists clenched and choking for ten minutes. No words, other than cruel, can accurately describe McGuire’s execution. As well as cruel, unusual accurately describes the death penalty.Show MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Is Wrong1321 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty is a controversial issue in Texas. People support it because they are unaware of the unknown facts. People believe that the death penalty guarantees criminals being punished and justice being made. However, there are innocent people who have died because of the hateful vengeance by the prosecutor seeks. There are many reasons as to why the death penalty is wrong. There are many ways of killing the d efendant after they have been sentenced to the death penalty, some of these includeRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Wrong847 Words   |  4 PagesMany call the death penalty inhumane, and a large number of countries no longer execute criminals. However, the U.S. has kept capital punishment because it deters criminals from committing murders that place them in the position of the death penalty. However, the death penalty is wrong. No one deserves to have their life taken away by another human, even if they are guilty of murder. Death penalties are first recorded in the eighteenth century B.C.E. In the eleventh century C.E., William â€Å"the Conqueror†Read MoreThe Death Penalty Is Wrong !2056 Words   |  9 PagesThe Death Penalty is wrong!! Imagine Sierrah coming to court and hearing the judge say she is sentence to die. Imagine waking up every day in a cell waiting to die. There are no contact visits and she is in a cell 23 hours of the day by herself. She wait on death row for two decades until finally her day of execution comes. The guard comes up to cell twenty eight and says it’s time to go and takes her to the death house. She gets the last meal and says final goodbyes before being strapped to aRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Wrong1495 Words   |  6 Pagesthe people s security, however in what manner can those same people make certain that these laws are doing what they are meant for? The death penalty is contended to be a just punishment equivalent to the wrongdoing committed, but is it truly, if it means lowering others to turn into that what they are against. â€Å"Always I have concluded the death penalty is wrong because it lowers us all; it is a surrender to the worst that is in us; it uses a powe r—the official power to kill by execution—that hasRead MoreEssay on The Death Penalty Is Wrong1073 Words   |  5 PagesThe death penalty is absolutely outrageous. There is no real reason that the government should feel that it has the right to execute people. Capital punishment is murder just as much as the people being executed murdered. The is no need for the death penalty and it needs to be abolished. It goes against the Constitution which states that there will be no cruel and unusual punishment. There is nothing crueler than killing a person. A perfect example of the death penalty going awry is the state ofRead MoreDeath Penalty: Killing Is Wrong1044 Words   |  5 PagesDeath Penalty 2 Death Penalty: Killing is Wrong To many of us death is a scary thing. We will all die one day, but when someone else takes another person’s life we think of that as wrong in many ways. Killing is wrong. If you take someone else’s life in the United States of America you go to jail. Of course you must be proven guilty of that murder before being charged. It doesn’t matter where you live in almost every state, city and town if you kill someone you are looked down upon andRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Right Or Wrong981 Words   |  4 PagesMany people question whether the death penalty is right or wrong. Issues regarding the possibility of putting an innocent man to death based on faulty investigative work and a flawed legal system are often explored. References to the concept of lex talionis are made, wondering why rapists are not raped and sadists are not beaten in a legal system that kills killers. A killer takes another s life, liberty, or chance at happiness? Is it wrong to take the same fr om them? How can taking a life for aRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Wrong And Inhumane Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagesto death is difficult to completely comprehend. The physical procedure involved in the act of execution are easy to grasp, but the emotions involved in carrying out a death sentence on another person, regardless of how much they deserve it, is beyond comprehension. This act has been critiqued by many people from all around the world and it is our responsibility as a society to see that capital punishment is wrong and inhumane. Some oppositions to the death penalty include racial bias in death sentencingRead More The Death Penalty is Wrong Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The death penalty is absolutely outrageous. There is no real reason that the government should feel that it has the right to execute people. Capital punishment is murder just as much as the people being executed murdered. The is no need for the death penalty and it needs to be abolished. It goes against the Constitution which states that there will be no cruel and unusual punishment. There is nothing crueler than killing a person. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A perfect example of the death penaltyRead MoreDeath Penalty; Right or Wrong?2185 Words   |  9 PagesThe death penalty has been an issue that has continually caused tension in today’s society. The main discussion over this is whether or not the death penalty serves as a valid and justified form of punishment. We have reached the point where if the topic is brought up, extremists on both sides immediately begin to argue the matter. One side says increase in crime rate, the other says failure to discourage crime; one says failure to rehabilitate, the other says it saves lives; one says justice and

Primary Health Care Systems - 2079 Words

Introduction Health care is everyone’s business. It is what every individual fights to maintain, it affects a communities social and economical status and is continually discussed at a global level. Education, access to information, equipment and professionals has a direct influence on a community’s level of health. Health varies across regions, not everyone has access to these basic health systems, in order to sustain a level of health, programs and promotions supported by government funding and professionals are undertaken however there success can be depended on the consideration of the external influences and restrictions. The world health organsiation (1978) empowered nations to embrace a primary health care system. Primary health care is the first level of contact people have with the health system, its aim is to bringing health care as close to people as possible to where they live, learn, work and play. All health professionals should understand primary health care, its philosophy, goals and determinants; it should be the underlying influence which governs their practice. The key elements to the success of primary health care are; health promotion, disease prevention, equity in health status, health education, inter-sectorial care planning and organization, accessibility, appropriate technology, and public participation. A primary health care system involves health professionals working together and delivering care within a specific environment and local community.Show MoreRelatedContribution of primary care to health systems and health: Is it essential?2089 Words   |  9 PagesContribution of primary care to health systems and health: Is it essential? Evidence of the health promoting power of primary care has increased ever since investigators have been able to differentiate primary care from other characteristics of the health services delivery system. Studies constantly show that primary care has a positive effect on health results. It reduces mortality and morbidity, and it is considerably more lucrative than specialty based care. Therefore primary care is essential.Read MoreComparison : Learning From The Us And New Zealand Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesHealth care system in comparison: Learning from the US and New Zealand New Zealand and the United States put a great deal of attention to their health care where they share some similarities, as well as differences. Both countries similarly focus on a better number of covered individuals on order to create an enrolled population. However, both countries are the example two significantly different health care approaches regarding their service scope, benefit, and financing sources. This essay triesRead MoreThe Public Health Infrastructure Of Pakistan Essay875 Words   |  4 PagesThe public health infrastructure in Pakistan includes 965 tertiary and secondary hospitals and a total of 13052 first level care facilities (Nishtar et al., 2013). Population to health facility ratios improved from 28 971:1 in 1947 to 12 357:1 currently (Nishtar et al., 2013). Several studies found that unqualified practitioners are responsible for providing up to 50% of the health care in the community especially rural and urban slums. A recent survey showed that only half of the children with ARIRead MoreApplication Of The Principles Of Primary Health Care997 Words   |  4 Pagesseen the application of the principles of Primary Health Care (PHC) through the roles of the community health workers (CHW) in making health care more accessible. In addition, some strategies will be suggested to address the critical bottlenecks that hinder the effectiveness of the CHWs. Having the experience of working as a District Health Officer, this reflection will highlight most significant areas that I feel require attention to improve the health system in the country. This reflection will beRead MoreAppraisal of the Findings of a Qualitative Study on Implementing Guidelines for Cardiovascualr Risk694 Words   |  3 Pagesresearchers seek to understand? The researchers sought out to understand the factors that contribute to the progression and limitation of guideline implementation within the primary health care setting. These emphasized guidelines are throughout the introduction portrayed as a positive implementation that will elevate the health care system as well as improve the assessment and management of cardiovascular risk. The adversity within these proposed implantations lie within their validity, such as which guidelinesRead MoreThe Norwegian Health Care System Essay857 Words   |  4 PagesThe health care system of Norway is committed to providing health care services for all citizens regardless of income and to the principle of equal access to services. Accordingly, the health status of Norwegians is one of the best in the world, ranking much higher than that of the United States. The health care system in Norway is organized in three levels: local, regional, and national. The local level is represented by 434 municipalities; each municipality is responsible for providingRead MoreHealth Area Action Zone A Church Based Program Essay1628 Words   |  7 PagesPrimary health care is a service provided for the community where improving health care for all New Zealanders and decreasing health inequalities between different ethnicity. Health Village Action Zone a church-based program to help improve health care outcomes for Pacific people. This essay will analyze the concept of accessibility to health care in Healthy Village Action Zone, the practice of nurse in the policy of Better, Sooner, More Convenient health care to the community and culturally appropriateRead MoreNew Zealand Introduced A Tax Based Financing Health Care System Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pagesfinancing health care system in 1947 (Cumming et al, 2013) and Singapore had a similar system af ter its independence in 1965 (Haseltine, 2013). Due to the increasing pressure on public spending in financing health care, both countries have introduced health care reforms since the 1970s to ease the pressure (Li, 2006). New Zealand has experienced a series of reforms which represented a major restructuring of the health system. The reforms have led to the creation of a devolved health care system that usesRead MoreMaternal Mortality During Developing Countries1453 Words   |  6 PagesDemographic Health Survey reports maternal mortality in Nigeria at 576 deaths per 100,000 live births (2). One third of women in the country receive no antenatal service at all with much higher rates of this found in the rural areas compared with those in the urban regions (2). The fifth millennium development goal (MDG) is to reduce by 75% maternal mortality by 75% between 1990 and 2015 (3). In 2004, Nigeria revised its National Health Policy with the main goal of providing adequate health care accessRead MoreReflection on Carl Taylor Lecture Essay782 Words   |  4 Pagescontribution to the promoting the concept of Primary Health Care is insurmountable. This essay reviews Dr. Taylor’s lecture on â€Å"An Introduction to the roots of Primary Health Care; Path to Alma Ata†. It looks at his insights on Primary Health Care (PHC) and compares and contrasts them with other literature and videos on the same subject shared by Professor Henry Perry. This reflection will look at issues relating to the understanding of Primary Health Care (PHC). It will also look at the methodology

What Is So Fascinating About Buy a College Research Paper?

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Organizational Behavior and Entrepreneurship Essay Example

Organizational Behavior and Entrepreneurship Essay I would like to start by saying that Swatch is a popular brand of quartz and automatic watches produced by the Swatch Group LLC. Originally, Swatch was designed to compete with the Japanese watch manufacturers in the entry level market share lost to the Japanese companies in the late 1960s-early 1970s. the direct competitor of Swatch in the entry level segment was Japanese company Seiko. The name Swatch implies not what many people think it is (i.e. Swiss Watch) yet rather the â€Å"Second Watch† concept developed by the chairmen of the corporation and intended for casual wear, fun and tight budgets. Unlike other brands of watches that competed directly with each other for the right to be worn on the client’s wrist, Swatch introduced the entrepreneurial concept of â€Å"Second Watch†, i.e. the watch in addition to the prestigious model most people possess. That model could be worn in bad weather conditions and to the parties or discos, a place where one would not risk to take an expensive wrist watch. The first collection comprising 12 Swatch watches was offered in 1983 in Zurich, Switzerland, the motherland of Swatch. The price ranged from 40 to 50 Swiss francs, yet later would be standardized to 50 Swiss francs. The original sales target was set 1 million for 1983 and 2.5 million in 1984. The company used aggressive marketing campaign and a lo t of advertising which together with a moderate price per Swiss Watch prophesied success for Swatch. The reason why Swatch was able to remain profitable despite having great advertising costs and low price was its innovative design. Compared to conventional watches sold by Swiss or Japanese competitors in the home market which contained over 90 parts, Swatch could be made with only about 50 parts produced on a fully automated assembly line, cutting costs on mass production (Alavi, 55). We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior and Entrepreneurship specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior and Entrepreneurship specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior and Entrepreneurship specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The apparent peak in popularity for Swatch in the USA took place in the early 1980s, when Swatch opened its Swatch Stores as primary distribution channels for Swatch watches in the USA. Precisely when opening its operations in the USA and understanding an enormous size of the US market for branded watches, Swatch developed another entrepreneurial idea of cooperating with some popular artists such as Keith Haring or Andy Warhol to endorse the watch collection and perhaps move the swatch production to cover the markets other than trendy youth markets and the â€Å"second watch† concept (Koskinen, 311). Early in its history Swatch understood the importance of innovative approach to advertising and pop culture. Swatch would align itself with punk rock, leg warmers, charm necklaces, and neon colors let alone popular jelly bracelets of the 1980s. As previously noted in the essay, Swatch revolutionized the watch industry in Switzerland by creating the second watch concept. Previously it was believed that one watch was enough for people of any income or status since it did a primitive function of showing time. Swatch would create different watches for different occasions altering the size, color, or weight. Unlike other watch manufacturers who would set up high markup on the selling price to assure profits in the absence of frequent and regular watch purchases, Swatch offered people a watch for frequent purchases. One watch could be used to go to the night club, one watch could be used to play golf, one watch is great in the swimming pool, and one watch is just right for a business meet ing. At present the sales of Swatch watches around the world are certainly lower than some 20 years ago, yet Swatch still remains the world’s largest wrist watch producing company, while the company made rapid strides towards covering upper-end luxury watch brands in the recent years. Among these brands are Rado, Omega, Breguet, Calvin Klein, Tissot, Flik Flak and Longines to name but a few. The company understood the primary need of the modern XXI century market for watches-diversity, unpredictability and quality. As a result Swatch now would issue more than a dozen of different variations of the same watch with the only difference being the color, material used for watch production, and some particular watch attributes (e.g. diving watches, skin/thin watches). The most recent innovation introduced at Swatch was the creation of the watch which connects to the Internet to synchronize its time with the global benchmark of time. That very watch is capable of browsing the internet, a nd download some useful information for its owner such as weather reports, news headlines, email (read-only mode), computer/watch games, and even the stock/bonds quotes from NYSE and other major stock exchanges. The most recent prototypes are said to possess a digital camera, a voice recorder, as well as an mp3 music player. From what used to be the popular trendy branch, Swatch became a fashionable object comprising a series of models for every gender, and age group. One can find watches for children with durable crystal screen and diamond-decorated watches for affluent females.Speaking about the most interesting, entrepreneurial and innovative marketing stunt Swatch started in Switzerland in the late 2004 and early 2005 I would like to note that in order to stay different from other watches on the market, Swatch recommends its clients to wear Swatch on the right hand rather than on the left hand as it is common for wrist watches. The primary reason why people used to wear wrist watches on the left hand was because of the need to wind up the watch every day and since the majority of the population are right-handed (rather than lefties) the winding knob was placed in such a way to make it easier for the right hand to wind up the watch. Swatch argues that since we live in the XXI century and the majority of Swatch watches are fully automated/battery-operated in order to be different from the antediluvian watch models of the past century, Swatch offers its clients to wear Swatch on the right hand. The punch line for such stunt is â€Å"Swatch, wear it right, times have changed. It feels better and it looks better!†(Rumizen, 242). Once again, the primary meaning here is that Swatch is different from its competitors. At present the Swatch Group owns more than 160 production facilities in Switzerland, France, Germany, Italy, Thailand, Malaysia and China. Swatch besides its traditional approach to watch making currently is one the world’s largest manufacturers of watch components and supplies its 20 different branded watch companies around the world. Also the company has an interest stake in the production of decorative jewelry that the company uses its some of the brands of its watches. Swatch understood the importance of proper global distribution network and for this very reason would set up its own global distribution network of distributing organizations. Currently, Swatch Group LLC entered the electronic systems production sector and hopes to succeed there as much as it did with watches (Holsapple, 60). Swatch just like any other company which reached some level of expertise and success on the market strives to sustain its position on the market by investing heavily in research and development. The greatest RD expenditures of Swatch aim at improving competence in the semiconductor microelectronics and micromechanics. The Swatch group is very active in the telecommunication and automobile sectors providing its novel design and electronics solutions to various global companies. Just like major global leaders in consumer goods, Swatch would also get involved as a sponsor of the Olympic games providing accurate sports timing tools and solutions for various events. So what had contributed to such rapid success of a Swiss company which originally was designed to compete with the Japanese in the low-end market niche for wrist watches? The use of innovations and practices had certainly played the role and thus need to be analyzed in a greater detail. Quality of products and service is certainly considered a good factor taking into account the wonderful positioning strategy of Swatch Group LLC. As noted earlier these watches are tailored to meet the need of absolutely any customer from around the world and the whole company has distinct yet outstanding services for every price category of customers. Continuous improvement of its products and services is a part of the organizational culture of Swatch Group LLC and this issue gets taught to all the new hires as well as constantly is brought up in top management meetings (Kouzes, 75). Swatch Group LLC is all about gradual improvement of its goods, processes, procedures and practices. It is why the group had already achieved leadership status in watch industry around the world. Expansion practices at Swatch Group LLC are worth noting since Swatch Group LLC had constantly prompted expansion of different brands of watches, technologies, services and activities around the world either b y acquisition of other brands or by extending these brands abroad. Education training development. Employee training is another area that can be classified as a good practice since Swatch Group LLC had considered employees as key contributors to corporate profitability. After being hired each employee gets a 2 week paid training during which they learn more about the company they are going to work for and the brand they are going to represent. Training involves the work of each employee with a mentor who would in a much greater detail explain them their role in the company and assure that the employee gets all his/her questions answered (Kunz, 92). Employee motivation as a part of education training development is what I consider a truly superb area of good practice and the desire to promulgate excellence at Swatch Group LLC. The employees are motivated greatly at Swatch Group LLC with the financial package, stock options, and discounts on watches they are selling or manufacturing. The wrist watch discounts are worth especial note since they allow the person to cheaply purchase these watches in virtually unlimited quantities. This is, by the way another way the company strives to promote its watches among the family members and friends of its employees and agrees to sell some of the brands at deep discounts. People development can be considered a good factor at Swatch Group LLC still it shows clearly the areas that require improvement. For instance, Improper measurement of progress as a part of people development is what also needs to be improved at Swatch Group LLC. The watch manufacturer uses customer comments as the ultimate assessment tool of the company’s work while failing to take into account the fact that the customer notices only the overall picture, yet never comments on the efficiency involved. Swatch Group LLC should use peer-evaluation sheets where each employee is to look at the work of his/her peer and fill out the evaluation sheet. While the customer sees that the watch is well done, it is the peer worker who can notice that another employee uses twice the amount of time and resources to do the job, thus causing inefficiency (Davenport, 231). Technology factors represent the good factors that still might need improvement and attention from Swatch Group LLC. Despite the fact that Swatch Group LLC owns all the aforementioned watch brands as well as production facilities it does not have a uniform corporate information system that would unite all these brands under one management and information system. Each watch production group that was acquired rather than created by Swatch Group LLC has its distinct system and culture, so for the communication to go both ways, one needs to make certain adaptations and changes in style just like the format. Introducing a uniform system at all watch manufacturers that make up Swatch Group LLC would ease up the control of the management over different hotels and will contribute to t he overall efficiency. Still, one can dispute that differences in corporate cultures and information systems is what contributes to the uniqueness of each of the Swatch brands, be they acquired or created. Speaking about the future of the Swatch Group as based on the use of some company-specific practices, I would like to note that it is rather foreseeable for the watch industry, where Swatch Group LLC will likely to remain in the leadership position due to its constant innovation in design, style, and watch type as endorsed by the Swiss quality manufacturers and lower costs due to the mass production. The enormous resources of the Swatch Group allow the company to stay on par with modern technological developments and innovations. The successful and profitable cooperation with the world’s renowned artists and the use of jewelry in decorating the watches allowed Swatch to turn its watches into collectible and highly valuable masterpieces. Proper distribution network allows Sw atch not only to remain among the largest sellers, but also position itself as the supplier of the whole Swiss watch industry as well as some other companies outside that industry providing different companies with the parts and technology to manufacture branded watches (Neufeld, 123). The Swatch Group LLC views its plans for the next 5 years as highly successful and innovative. Swatch sees great prospects in the production and co-development of high-tech chips, crystals and semiconductors for the computers, medical technology, and solutions for automobile industry. The company had accumulated vast potential and competence in the field of electronics, semiconductors and the internet sector for its Swatch Access watches/Paparazzi Swatch and is ready to apply it to areas other than watches (Barna, 187). Swatch will place more attention to the upper-end market where the profit margins are the highest and which typically grows at a rate of 8% annually. The company plans to further push its Brequet, Blancpain and Glashutte brands in Europe and Asia. Cooperation of Swatch and Omega had been successful in the past and is expected to become even more profitable in the future. The companies open Tourbillon stores for distribution purposes around the world, something like Swatch did with Swatch Stores in the USA in the 1980s. Tourbillon on the other hand offers only luxury and exclusive watches focusing on the appeal of individually designed watches endorsed by some major artists in the world. Swatch proved successful not because it provided some superior quality watches that were much better than everyone else’s watches on the market, but because of its ability to think long term while at the same time concentrating on the short term fads and changes. The company that was created in Switzerland only tried to kick out Japanese digital watch manufacturers who dominated the market with their highly accurate, digital clocks sold at a price below the price of Swiss watches. The Japanese used mass production to capture the market and generate profits while the majority of the Swiss watch manufacturers rather focused on limited production of watches yet extremely high markups. Swatch understood the importance of market share rather than focus solely on exclusivity and rarity (as it was applicable to traditional Swiss watch manufacturers) and would engage in mass production while at the same time staying close to the modern music and artistic world. As the music and artis tic trends changed, so would the Swatch watches and their style. It did not take long to understand that by constantly changing with the environment, Swatch managed to mass produce just the right quantities of the very coveted watch. Once pop become more popular than hard rock, and punk rock more popular than pop, Swatch would produce different watches to meet the ‘cultural’/social needs of its clients, making the past series rare and thus collectible. At present swatch turned to the modern technology and the internet as well as high-end clients in an attempt to further increase its market share in other market niches. Bibliography: Alavi, M. and Leidner, D.E. Knowledge Management Systems: Emerging Views and Practices from the Field. 32nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, IEEE Computer Society. 1999. Barna, Z. Knowledge Management: A Critical E-Business Strategic Factor. Unpublished Masters Thesis, San Diego State University. 2003. Davenport, T.H., DeLong, D.W., and Beers, M.C. Successful Knowledge Management Projects. Sloan Management Review, 39(2), 1998. Holsapple, C. W., and Joshi, K.D. An Investigation of Factors that Influence the Management of Knowledge in Organizations. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 9, 2000. Koskinen, K.U. Tacit Knowledge as a Promoter of Success in Technology Firms. 34th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, IEEE Computer Society. 2001. Neufeld, W. P. Environmental scanning: Its use in forecasting emerging trends and issues in organizations. Futures Research Quarterly, 1(3), 1985. Kouzes, James, The Leadership Challenge, 3rd Editi on, Prentice Hall. 2000. Rumizen, Clemmons, The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Knowledge Management, NY Random House, 2002. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research paper on Organizational Behavior and Entrepreneurship topics. Your research paper will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated Ph.D. and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research paper assistance at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. 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